Buying a second-hand rack is an excellent way of reducing the cost of fitting out a warehouse or storage space. However, there’s always one essential question: what is the maximum load that a second-hand rack can support?
Unlike a new rack, the information is not always available or legible, and wear and tear can alter the structure’s actual capacity. This article explains how to correctly assess the permissible load, what criteria to check, and what precautions to take to ensure safe and compliant storage.
Why is maximum load essential?
The load supported by a rack determines :
- operator safety,
- the stability of the installation,
- the lifespan of the structure,
- compliance with safety standards.
An overloaded rack can lead to deformation, falling goods and even the collapse of the structure. So it’s vital to know exactly what its load capacity is, especially if it’s second-hand.
How is the maximum load of a rack determined?
The maximum load of a rack depends on a number of technical factors:
1. The thickness and quality of the steel
The stronger the stiles and rails, the higher the load-bearing capacity.
2. Rack dimensions
- Span width: a wide span carries less weight than a narrow span.
- Height: the higher the rack, the greater the mechanical stress.
- Depth: affects lateral stability.
3. Type and condition of sleepers
Sleepers play a crucial role in weight distribution. Their type, profile and general condition influence the actual capacity.
4. General condition of the rack
Second-hand racks can feature :
- shocks,
- deformations,
- corrosion,
- cracks,
- incomplete anchoring.
This damage automatically reduces the permissible load.
5. Fixing method
A rack must be anchored to the floor to support the maximum load.
Without anchoring, capacity is greatly reduced.
Typical loads (indicative values)
Although each rack has its own capacity, the following are approximate values for standard racks in good condition:
| Type of rack (used) | Load per level | Total load (4 levels) |
|---|---|---|
| Light shelving | 200 to 500 kg | 800 to 2,000 kg |
| Medium-heavy rack | 500 to 1,000 kg | 2,000 to 4,000 kg |
| Standard pallet rack | 1,000 to 1,500 kg | 4,000 to 6,000 kg |
| Heavy rack | 2,000 to 3,000 kg | 8,000 to 12,000 kg |
Please note: these figures are averages and should never replace the original load table.
How can I find out the load on a used rack?
1. Find the original load table
Many racks have a nameplate or sticker indicating :
- load per level,
- total load,
- height of uprights and dimensions,
- crossbar references.
If this table is missing, go on to the next steps.
2. Examine the structural condition of the rack
A used rack in perfect condition can support its rated load; a deformed or corroded rack must be decommissioned.
3. Measure the uprights and cross-members
The profile of the sleepers (cross-section, thickness) can be used to estimate the load.
A professional can determine the approximate capacity using these measurements.
4. Avoid mixing components
Mixing uprights and cross-members of different models or profiles automatically reduces the load capacity and unbalances the structure.
5. Have it checked by an expert
For a complete installation, a technical inspection is always recommended.
The risks of a poorly priced used rack
A rack with an unidentified maximum load presents a number of risks:
- Progressive subsidence of sleepers
- Deformation of uprights
- Partial or total collapse
- Risks for staff
- Non-compliance with safety standards
- Damage to goods
A second-hand rack must therefore be inspected, certified and correctly installed to avoid these dangers.
Best practice for securing a second-hand rack
- Always empty the rack before mounting or moving it.
- Anchor the uprights to the floor in accordance with standards.
- Inspect regularly for deformation and impact.
- Replace damaged parts immediately.
- Avoid overloading, even temporarily.
- Install impact protection in areas where trolleys are used.
- Redo the load plan as soon as any changes are made to the rack.
Conclusion
The maximum load of a second-hand rack depends on a number of factors: dimensions, thickness of the steel, condition of the uprights and crossbars, fixing method and overall conformity.
To ensure safe storage, it is essential to :
- check the general condition of the rack,
- identify or recalculate the permissible load,
- comply with installation and maintenance rules,
- avoid overloading.
With these precautions, a second-hand rack can offer an economical, reliable and durable solution for organising your warehouse or storage space.