In an industrial storage system, rails play an absolutely essential role.
They support the loads, keep the structure stable and enable levels to be set that are suitable for storing pallets or other goods.
Choosing the right racking rails is therefore essential to guarantee the safety, performance and longevity of the installation.
In this article, we take a look at the different types of rails, their characteristics and uses, to help you select the best solution for your warehouse or business.
1. What is a shelf rail?
A rail is a horizontal bar, generally made of steel or aluminium, which joins two vertical uprights of a rack.
It is used to :
- support the loads placed on the level,
- stabilise the structure,
- form different levels of storage,
- adapt the racking to suit the type of pallet or goods.
Beams are therefore a structural element in the same way as uprights or anchor plates. They should be chosen according to the load, the rack configuration and the intended use.
2. The different types of shelving rails
Each type of beam has its own characteristics and corresponds to specific needs. Here are the main categories used in industrial and commercial installations.
1. Tubular rails
Features :
- Made of tubular steel
- Very robust
- High resistance to impact and heavy loads
Use :
Ideal for :
- pallet storage,
- demanding industrial environments,
- heavy loads.
They are one of the most widely used healds in logistics.
2. C rails
Features :
- Lightweight C-shaped profile
- Good rigidity, but less resistant than tubulars
Uses:
Widely used in :
- retail shops,
- light or medium warehouses,
- low-load installations.
They offer a good compromise between cost and performance.
3. Z-shaped rails
Features :
- Z” profile, lighter
- Allows easy assembly and good flexibility
Use :
Suitable for:
- light storage,
- areas where modularity is important,
- installations requiring frequent adjustments.
They are favoured for their ease of adaptation.
4. Snap-in rails
Features :
- Quick installation without bolts
- Locking with clips or lugs
- Quick height adjustment
How to use :
Perfect for :
- temporary configurations,
- picking areas,
- mobile shelving.
They are highly appreciated for saving time during assembly and dismantling.
5. Reinforced rails
Features :
- Integrated reinforcements (plates, steel bars, thicker sections)
- Very high resistance
Use :
Recommended for :
- very heavy loads,
- intensive industrial missions,
- demanding environments (great heights, dense storage).
They are essential for securing high-capacity facilities.
3. Technical characteristics of the rails
When choosing your healds, there are a number of factors to take into account over and above the type of profile.
1. The material
The rails are mainly made of :
- Galvanised steel: tough, durable, corrosion-resistant
- Stainless steel: ideal for humid or food environments
- Aluminium: lighter, but for smaller loads
The material has a direct impact on load-bearing capacity, durability and cost.
2. Load capacity
Capacity varies according to :
- the type of rail,
- the material,
- length,
- thickness,
- intended use.
It can range from a few hundred kilos to several tonnes per level.
3. The length
Standard lengths are between 1 metre and 4 metres, but specific sizes can be manufactured.
The length influences the maximum load: the longer the boom, the lower its capacity.
4. Ease of installation
Some rails need to be bolted together, while others snap together.
Snap-in rails are particularly practical if you frequently change the configuration of your racking.
5. The cost
The price depends on the :
- type of rail,
- material,
- length,
- level of reinforcement.
Stainless steel rails are among the most expensive, while galvanised steel rails offer excellent value for money.
6. Sustainability
Steel rails are the most durable, and are more resistant to impact, corrosion and logistical constraints.
They are suitable for intensive use.
7. Flexibility
Some rails are designed to be easily repositioned, while others are more rigid and intended for fixed configurations.
The choice depends on your modularity requirements.
Conclusion: how do you choose the right shelving unit?
The choice of a rail depends mainly on :
- the load to be supported,
- the configuration of your shelving,
- the frequency of modification,
- storage height,
- the working environment (dry, damp, corrosive),
- your budget.
Understanding the differences between each type of beam will help you select a suitable, durable and secure solution for your storage facility.